<Nietzsche's Sophistic Discourse>
Nietzsche rejects not only values but also the belief in the uniformity of the world, advocating for sophistic discourse instead of philosophical discourse. People can no longer simply accept values, but without values, they cannot be happy. We are experiencing a clash that leads to a process of deconstruction, discovering deconstruction, replacement, and abolition. This process is not about preserving and accumulating what is overcome but rather about the emergence of oppositions. On one hand, there are forces that demand the production of values, creating a space for radical conflicts without reconciliation. This inversion is different from dialectical inversion as it involves two opposing stances with no possibility of mutual understanding.
<Impulsive Logic: Reversal of Positions, Reversal of Forces>
The reversal of positions is related to the reversal of forces. It's not just about opposing one philosophical stance with another. Philosophical stances are overturned, but this is not a discussion among philosophers. Those overwhelmed by nihilism, rage, hatred, and anger in this nihilistic process do not talk about the world of values or value discourse. They are ready to use sophistic discourse, logic, and historical narratives. When Nietzsche talks about these oppositions among impulses, it becomes clear what he uses. He contemplates forces playing within the play, rather than forces totalized for some ultimate unity or substance. When things are not substantiated, the assertion of a thesis and its antithesis brings about the effect of deconstruction.
<The Most Extreme Form of Nihilism (Inversion): The Logic of Dogmatism>
We must now talk about the radical force of nihilism. Eternal return means existence without meaning or goal, inevitably recurring without ending in nothingness. "Nothing (meaninglessness), be eternal!" is the most extreme form of nihilism. It is very threatening, severing from both truth and theoretical discourse, and overly radical. This logic accepts and embraces individual situations and characteristics. The criterion for accepting or rejecting is pleasure, not arriving at uniformity. The sole criterion is people's satisfaction, making it function well if it relates positively. Nietzsche uses 'drives' in the sense of stimulus. The idea of eternal return closely relates to its functionality and is not unrelated to kairos.
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